Plasma Dictionary - Definition of Term Saturation Current, Electron Or Ion
 

 

 
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Term : Saturation Current, Electron or Ion
Definition : When a positive electrical potential is applied to a surface in contact with a plasma (the ``electrode''), the surface attracts electrons in the plasma. Above a certain voltage the electron current is observed to saturate; this is the electron saturation current. Similarly, when a negative potential is applied, the surface attracts ions, and the limiting current is the ion saturation current. The exact values of the saturation currents depend upon many factors, including the surface geometry and sheath effects, the plasma density, magnetic fields (if any), and the plasma composition, but the basic mechanism for the saturation is that the Debye shielding of the electrode by the surrounding plasma prevents distant ions and electrons from being affected by the electric field of the electrode, so that only ions or electrons drifting into the Debye Sheath can be collected by the electrode.
 
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