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| Home » Plasma Dictionary - B » Birkeland, Kristian Olaf |
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| Plasma Dictionary - Terms Started With Alphabet B |
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Term : Birkeland, Kristian Olaf
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Definition : (1867-1917) This Norwegian physicist was among the early pioneers of plasma physics and space physics. He is perhaps most famous for his early and prescient explanation of the aurora borealis in terms of energetic particles from the solar wind interacting with the earth's magnetosphere. He was the first to characterize the magnetic fields and field-aligned Birkeland currents in the polar regions of the earth. However, he also invented electromagnetic rail guns, plasma arcs for nitrogen fixation (fertilizer production).
This description was drawn from a brief biographic sketch at:
http://www.fys.uio.no/plasma/english/texts/birkeland/
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